HttpClient、okhttp和RestTemplate的区别
System.out.println(“-----------分割线------------”);System.out.println(“-----------分割线------------”);System.out.println(“-----------分割线------------”);依然坚守自己的职责，它会自动恢复一般的连接问题，如果你的服务有多个。缓存响应内容，避免一些完全重复的请求。
/**
-
post请求
-
@param url
-
@param json
-
@return
*/
public static String doPost(String url, JSONObject json){
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);
postMethod.addRequestHeader(“accept”, “/”);
postMethod.addRequestHeader(“connection”, “Keep-Alive”);
//设置json格式传送
postMethod.addRequestHeader(“Content-Type”, “application/json;charset=GBK”);
//必须设置下面这个Header
postMethod.addRequestHeader(“User-Agent”, “Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.81 Safari/537.36”);
//添加请求参数
postMethod.addParameter(“commentId”, json.getString(“commentId”));
String res = “”;
try {
int code = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
if (code == 200){
res = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
System.out.println(res);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return res;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(doGet(“http://tcc.taobao.com/cc/json/mobile_tel_segment.htm?tel=13026194071”, “GBK”));
System.out.println(“-----------分割线------------”);
System.out.println(“-----------分割线------------”);
System.out.println(“-----------分割线------------”);
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put(“commentId”, “13026194071”);
System.out.println(doPost(“http://tcc.taobao.com/cc/json/mobile_tel_segment.htm?tel=13026194071”, jsonObject));
}
}
3、建议
代码复杂，还得操心资源回收等。代码很复杂，冗余代码多，不建议直接使用。
1、简介
OkHttp是一个高效的HTTP客户端，允许所有同一个主机地址的请求共享同一个socket连接；连接池减少请求延时；透明的GZIP压缩减少响应数据的大小；缓存响应内容，避免一些完全重复的请求
当网络出现问题的时候OkHttp依然坚守自己的职责，它会自动恢复一般的连接问题，如果你的服务有多个IP地址，当第一个IP请求失败时，OkHttp会交替尝试你配置的其他IP，OkHttp使用现代TLS技术(SNI, ALPN)初始化新的连接，当握手失败时会回退到TLS 1.0。
2、pom依赖
com.squareup.okhttp3
okhttp
3.10.0
它的请求/响应 API 使用构造器模式builders来设计，它支持阻塞式的同步请求和带回调的异步请求。
3、配置文件
@Configuration
public class OkHttpConfig {
@Bean
public OkHttpClient okHttpClient() {
return new OkHttpClient.Builder()
//.sslSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory(), x509TrustManager())
.retryOnConnectionFailure(false)
.connectionPool(pool())
.connectTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.writeTimeout(30,TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
}
@Bean
public X509TrustManager x509TrustManager() {
return new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws CertificateException {
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] x509Certificates, String s) throws CertificateException {
}
@Override
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return new X509Certificate[0];
}
};
}
@Bean
public SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory() {
try {
//信任任何链接
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance(“TLS”);
sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[]{x509TrustManager()}, new SecureRandom());
return sslContext.getSocketFactory();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (KeyManagementException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
-
Create a new connection pool with tuning parameters appropriate for a single-user application.
-
The tuning parameters in this pool are subject to change in future OkHttp releases. Currently
*/
@Bean
public ConnectionPool pool() {
return new ConnectionPool(200, 5, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
}
}
4、客户端工具
@Slf4j
public class OkHttpClient {
private static final MediaType JSON = MediaType.parse(“application/json; charset=utf-8”);
private volatile static okhttp3.OkHttpClient client;
private static final int MAX_IDLE_CONNECTION = Integer
.parseInt(ConfigManager.get(“httpclient.max_idle_connection”));
private static final long KEEP_ALIVE_DURATION = Long
.parseLong(ConfigManager.get(“httpclient.keep_alive_duration”));
private static final long CONNECT_TIMEOUT = Long.parseLong(ConfigManager.get(“httpclient.connectTimeout”));
private static final long READ_TIMEOUT = Long.parseLong(ConfigManager.get("httpclient. "));
/**
-
单例模式(双重检查模式) 获取类实例
-
@return client
*/
private static okhttp3.OkHttpClient getInstance() {
if (client == null) {
synchronized (okhttp3.OkHttpClient.class) {
if (client == null) {
client = new okhttp3.OkHttpClient.Builder()
.connectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.readTimeout(READ_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.connectionPool(new ConnectionPool(MAX_IDLE_CONNECTION, KEEP_ALIVE_DURATION,
TimeUnit.MINUTES))
.build();
}
}
}
return client;
}
public static String syncPost(String url, String json) throws IOException {
RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(JSON, json);
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(url)
.post(body)
.build();
try {
Response response = OkHttpClient.getInstance().newCall(request).execute();
if (response.isSuccessful()) {
String result = response.body().string();
log.info(“syncPost response = {}, responseBody= {}”, response, result);
return result;
}
String result = response.body().string();
log.info(“syncPost response = {}, responseBody= {}”, response, result);
throw new IOException(“三方接口返回http状态码为” + response.code());
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(“syncPost() url:{} have a ecxeption {}”, url, e);
throw new RuntimeException(“syncPost() have a ecxeption {}” + e.getMessage());
}
}
public static String syncGet(String url, Map<String, Object> headParamsMap) throws IOException {
Request request;
final Request.Builder builder = new Request.Builder().url(url);
try {
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(headParamsMap)) {
final Iterator<Map.Entry<String, Object>> iterator = headParamsMap.entrySet()
.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
final Map.Entry<String, Object> entry = iterator.next();
builder.addHeader(entry.getKey(), (String) entry.getValue());
}
}
request = builder.build();
Response response = OkHttpClient.getInstance().newCall(request).execute();
String result = response.body().string();
log.info(“syncGet response = {},responseBody= {}”, response, result);
if (!response.isSuccessful()) {
throw new IOException(“三方接口返回http状态码为” + response.code());
}
return result;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(“remote interface url:{} have a ecxeption {}”, url, e);
throw new RuntimeException(“三方接口返回异常”);
}
}
}
1、pom依赖
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
2、get请求（不带参的即把参数取消即可）
// 1-getForObject()
User user1 = this.restTemplate.getForObject(uri, User.class);
// 2-getForEntity()
ResponseEntity responseEntity1 = this.restTemplate.getForEntity(uri, User.class);
HttpStatus statusCode = responseEntity1.getStatusCode();
HttpHeaders header = responseEntity1.getHeaders();
User user2 = responseEntity1.getBody();
// 3-exchange()
RequestEntity requestEntity = RequestEntity.get(new URI(uri)).build();
ResponseEntity responseEntity2 = this.restTemplate.exchange(requestEntity, User.class);
User user3 = responseEntity2.getBody();
方式一：
Notice notice = restTemplate.getForObject(“http://fantj.top/notice/list/{1}/{2}”
, Notice.class,1,5);
方式二：
Map<String,String> map = new HashMap();
map.put(“start”,“1”);
map.put(“page”,“5”);
Notice notice = restTemplate.getForObject(“http://fantj.top/notice/list/”
, Notice.class,map);
3、post请求
// 1-postForObject()
User user1 = this.restTemplate.postForObject(uri, user, User.class);
// 2-postForEntity()
ResponseEntity responseEntity1 = this.restTemplate.postForEntity(uri, user, User.class);
// 3-exchange()
RequestEntity requestEntity = RequestEntity.post(new URI(uri)).body(user);
ResponseEntity responseEntity2 = this.restTemplate.exchange(requestEntity, User.class);
方式一：
String url = “http://demo/api/book/”;
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
MediaType type = MediaType.parseMediaType(“application/json; charset=UTF-8”);
headers.setContentType(type);
String requestJson = “{…}”;
HttpEntity entity = new HttpEntity(requestJson,headers);
String result = restTemplate.postForObject(url, entity, String.class);
System.out.println(result);
方式二：
@Test
public void rtPostObject(){
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
String url = “http://47.xxx.xxx.96/register/checkEmail”;
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);
MultiValueMap<String, String> map= new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
map.add(“email”, “844072586@qq.com”);
HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, String>> request = new HttpEntity<>(map, headers);
ResponseEntity response = restTemplate.postForEntity( url, request , String.class );
System.out.println(response.getBody());
}
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